In boiler terminology, what is a "superheater"?

A "superheater" is a component within a boiler system that plays a crucial role in enhancing the efficiency of steam production. Specifically, it increases the energy content of steam by raising its temperature beyond its saturation point. This process transforms saturated steam, which is at a specific temperature and pressure, into superheated steam, which carries more energy and has a higher temperature.

Superheated steam is advantageous because it can improve the thermal efficiency of the steam cycle, enhance turbine performance, and minimize the risk of corrosion and damage that might occur with saturated steam. By converting saturated steam into superheated steam, the superheater allows for more work to be extracted from the steam when it drives turbines or other mechanical devices.

The other options refer to different functions that do not align with the purpose of a superheater. For instance, a device that cools steam would contradict the heating function of the superheater, and a tool for measuring steam pressure does not pertain to the generation or processing of steam itself. Similarly, a system to condense steam relates to the cooling and returning of steam to water, which is again opposite to the role of superheating. Hence, the increase of energy content through superheating makes the correct choice clear.