What is the primary cause of scale buildup in a boiler?

The primary cause of scale buildup in a boiler is due to mineral deposits in hard water when heated. When hard water is heated, the dissolved minerals, primarily calcium and magnesium, precipitate out of the water and form solid deposits on the internal surfaces of the boiler. This process occurs because higher temperatures reduce the solubility of these minerals, causing them to aggregate and form scale.

Scale buildup can disrupt heat transfer, reduce efficiency, and even lead to overheating or damage to boiler components if not properly managed. Regular water treatment and the use of softeners are essential practices in boiler operation to prevent this issue.

While excessive temperatures can exacerbate scale formation and improper chemical treatment can relate to water quality and scale management, the fundamental reason for scale creation originates from the minerals in hard water when it undergoes the heating process in the boiler system. Corrosion, on the other hand, is mainly a different concern related to material degradation rather than the deposition of minerals.